Cumulative Test 1,2,3,4,5,6,8,9,10,13

 

Multiple Choice

Identify the letter of the choice that best completes the statement or answers the question.

 

____ 1. This level of management is usually not involved in a company's day-to-day problems, but generally sets the direction the company will follow.

a.

supervisory management

c.

senior management

b.

middle management

d.

staffing management

 

 

____ 2. When a manager gives guidance to employees to perform their tasks, he or she is said to be performing the task of ____.

a.

planning

c.

staffing

b.

organizing

d.

leading

 

 

____ 3. When a manager measures how the business performs financially, he or she is said to be performing the task of ____.

a.

controlling

c.

leading

b.

organizing

d.

planning

 

 

____ 4. Frederick W. Taylor figured out "one best way" to perform a task through ____.

a.

variable lighting

c.

time and motion studies

b.

fulfilling worker needs

d.

environmental manipulation

 

 

____ 5. This process spreads management decisions through the levels in an organization ____.

a.

decentralization

c.

Theory X

b.

centralization

d.

Theory Y

 

 

____ 6. A Theory Y manager is most likely to ____.

a.

assume that all workers are content with their work

b.

assume that all workers are basically lazy and cannot be trusted

c.

make all the decisions so that the operation runs smoothly

d.

wait for senior management’s approval before trying something new

 

 

____ 7. A system of management based on involving all employees in a constant process of improving quality and productivity by improving how they work is known as ____.

a.

Theory X

c.

Theory Z

b.

Theory Y

d.

TQM

 

 

____ 8. In deciding on a possible career, your choice will be influenced by all of the following EXCEPT ____.

a.

your interests and abilities

c.

your personal values

b.

your personality

d.

your past employers

 

 

____ 9. The first step in planning a successful career is to ____.

a.

research potential careers on the Internet

b.

speak to a guidance counselor about potential careers

c.

consider your personality, learning style, values, and lifestyle

d.

assess your interests and abilities

 

 

____ 10. The combination of the unique qualities that make you who you are is known as your ____.

a.

interests

c.

personality

b.

skills

d.

ability

 

 

____ 11. A code of ethics adopted by a company will most likely include all of the following EXCEPT____.

a.

honesty

c.

security

b.

adherence to the law

d.

destruction of the environments

 

 

____ 12. Ethical behavior can best be described as ____.

a.

employee theft

c.

falsifying records

b.

behaving honestly

d.

lying about hours worked

 

 

____ 13. Social responsibility is best characterized by ____.

a.

allowing consumers to freely try a product for 30 days before buying

b.

using packaging materials that are environmentally friendly and reduce pollution

c.

creating entry level jobs for minorities and women and allowing men to move into upper management

d.

discouraging carpooling because it takes longer for employees to get to work

 

 

____ 14. A business owned by a single individual is said to be a ____.

a.

sole proprietorship

c.

corporation

b.

partnership

d.

union

 

 

____ 15. One of the major disadvantages to corporations is ____.

a.

limited liability of stockholders

b.

stockholders have no management responsibilities

c.

corporations raise money by selling stock

d.

corporations must comply with many more federal and state laws than sole proprietorships or partnerships

 

 

____ 16. Taxes levied against buildings and land owned by a business are called ____.

a.

income taxes

c.

withholding taxes

b.

property taxes

d.

unfair taxes

 

 

____ 17. A ____ is an agreement between two parties to carry out a transaction, such as the sale of goods from a seller to buyer.

a.

patent

c.

copyright

b.

regulation

d.

contract

 

 

____ 18. This concept states that producing one good means not producing another.

a.

law of supply

c.

opportunity cost

b.

law of demand

d.

scarcity

 

 

____ 19. This concept states that as the price of a good increases, the quantity of the good demanded falls.

a.

law of supply

c.

opportunity cost

b.

law of demand

d.

scarcity

 

 

____ 20. This concept states that as the price of a good rises, producers are willing to supply more of that good.

a.

law of supply

c.

opportunity cost

b.

law of demand

d.

scarcity

 

 

____ 21. The difference between what a business earns (revenue) and what it spends (costs) is known as ____.

a.

profit

c.

equilibrium price

b.

opportunity cost

d.

expected cost

 

 

____ 22. When consumer spending is strong and companies invest in new factories and equipment, the economy is said to be in a(n) ____.

a.

equilibrium phase

c.

contractionary phase

b.

expansionary phase

d.

investment phase

 

 

____ 23. When a leader presents group members with a problem situation and asks the group to write down their ideas rather than saying them aloud, he or she is encouraging creativity through ____.

a.

brainstorming

c.

wish lists

b.

brainwriting

d.

multi-dimensional frameworks

 

 

____ 24. This idea involves making the lives of consumers, workers, or the community better.

a.

timing

c.

social values

b.

risk

d.

economics

 

 

____ 25. All of the following are positive aspects of group decision making EXCEPT ____.

a.

the group possesses a wider range of alternatives in the decision process

b.

participation in the decision-making process increases the acceptance of the decision by group members

c.

an individual may dominate and/or control the group

d.

group members better understand the decision and the alternatives considered

 

 

____ 26. A manager will most likely use intuitive decision making when any of the following exist EXCEPT ____.

a.

there is no time to conduct research or to do further study on a particular situation

b.

all of the facts cannot be gathered to make a rational decision

c.

several possible decision options are presented

d.

the manager feels like the decision is right regardless of what the facts say

 

 

____ 27. Communicating well verbally is important to managers because ____.

a.

it can set the tone within a department or company

b.

it can motivate and persuade other people

c.

it forces management demands to be followed without fail

d.

it enables managers to give clear instructions

 

 

____ 28. The communication method that is most appropriate for sensitive issues is ____.

a.

verbal

c.

general

b.

written

d.

specific

 

 

____ 29. The communication method that is most appropriate for routine information is ____.

a.

verbal

c.

general

b.

written

d.

specific

 

 

____ 30. To communicate effectively, managers need to determine ____.

a.

how much time he or she has to speak

b.

whether the podium is high enough

c.

the amount of space necessary to make a speech while standing

d.

what the audience hopes to gain by listening

 

 

____ 31. ____ strategy is a plan to reverse negative trends in a company, such as the losses in sales.

a.

Growth

c.

Stability

b.

Grand

d.

Retrenchment

 

 

____ 32. ____ strategy strives to make the product or service unique.

a.

Grand

c.

Focus

b.

Differentiation

d.

Stability

 

 

____ 33. A detailed series of related steps or tasks written to implement a policy is called a ____.

a.

policy

c.

rule

b.

procedure

d.

goal

 

 

____ 34. Strategies that deal with the most important aspects of the company's operations and provide overall direction for the company are known as ____.

a.

corporate strategies

c.

business strategies

b.

functional strategies

d.

planning strategies

 

 

____ 35. Senior company managers who serve on the company's board of directors are known as ____.

a.

outside board members

c.

top board members

b.

inside board members

d.

retired board members

 

 

____ 36. In a ____ authority originates at the top and moves downward in a line.

a.

matrix organization

c.

line and staff organization

b.

team organization

d.

line organization

 

 

____ 37. The person who sets the company's objectives is the ____.

a.

product manager

c.

production manager

b.

line manager

d.

chief executive officer

 

 

____ 38. During the growth through creativity stage, ____.

a.

entrepreneurs with new ideas create products or services for which there is a market

b.

managers use the products of competing companies to produce retail sales

c.

managers create written policies, procedures, and plans

d.

managers set up financial controls, which determine how much each department can spend

 

 

____ 39. In the growth through delegation stage, ____.

a.

businesses delegate more responsibility to lower-level employees

b.

businesses focus on short-term matters to address human resource issues

c.

businesses enjoy the freedom to plan new products without worrying about competition

d.

businesses create written policies, procedures, and plans

 

 

Matching

 

Match each item with the correct statement below.

a.

entrepreneurs

d.

glass ceiling

b.

role

e.

management

c.

principle

f.

professional managers

 

 

____ 40. the process of deciding how best to use a business's resources to produce goods or provide services

 

____ 41. a basic truth or law

 

____ 42. a person who is paid to perform management functions within a particular job

 

____ 43. a set of behaviors associated with a particular job

 

____ 44. people who start and run their own business

 

____ 45. prevents women and minorities from moving up in the world of business

 

Match each item with the correct statement below.

a.

ethics

d.

social audit

b.

code of ethics

e.

stakeholder

c.

intellectual property

f.

social responsibility

 

 

____ 46. the ownership of ideas, such as inventions, books, movies, and computer programs

 

____ 47. the obligation that individuals or businesses have to help solve social problems

 

____ 48. a document that outlines the principles of conduct to be used in making decisions within the organization

 

____ 49. a set of moral principles or values that govern behavior

 

____ 50. the employees, customers, suppliers, and the community who are affected by a company's actions

 

____ 51. a review of a business's social responsiveness

 

Match each item with the correct statement below.

a.

economics

d.

business cycle

b.

scarcity

e.

recession

c.

breakeven analysis

f.

depression

 

 

____ 52. reveals how many units of a good or service a business needs to sell before it begins earning a profit

 

____ 53. economic growth falls for two three-month periods in a row

 

____ 54. business activity remains far below normal for years

 

____ 55. the expansion and contraction by many industries at once

 

____ 56. the study of how societies decide what to produce, how to produce it, and how to distribute what they produce

 

____ 57. too few resources are available for everyone in the world to consume as much as he or she would like

 

Match each item with the correct statement below.

a.

brainstorming

d.

accommodating decision-making style

b.

leading decision-making style

e.

team decision making

c.

autocratic decision-making style

f.

brainwriting

 

 

____ 58. the process of resolving problems and issues by assigning several people with different backgrounds to a group

 

____ 59. a group of people comes up with as many different ideas as possible to help solve a problem

 

____ 60. the manager and subordinates meet as a group and freely share information

 

____ 61. encourages creativity through writing down ideas as a group

 

____ 62. the manager makes the decision alone with little input from subordinates

 

____ 63. the manager shares the situation with a few selected subordinates and asks them individually for information and advice

 

Match each item with the correct statement below.

a.

communication

d.

reports

b.

nonverbal cues

e.

active listening

c.

memos

f.

business letters

 

 

____ 64. the act of exchanging information

 

____ 65. most businesses contact customers and suppliers through this method of communication

 

____ 66. involves absorbing what another person is saying and responding to the person's concerns

 

____ 67. pieces of information acquired by observing rather than listening to other people

 

____ 68. documents that provide a lot of information on a particular topic

 

____ 69. used to communicate with people within the same company

 

Match each item with the correct statement below.

a.

strategic management

d.

formal planning

b.

goals

e.

strategic planning

c.

implementing strategy

f.

operational planning

 

 

____ 70. the systematic studying of an issue and the preparation of a written document to deal with the problem

 

____ 71. short-range planning

 

____ 72. concise statements that provide direction for employees and set standards for achieving the company's strategic plan

 

____ 73. the action stage of strategic management

 

____ 74. long-range planning done by the highest levels in the company

 

____ 75. the application of the basic planning process at the highest levels of the company

 

Match each item with the correct statement below.

a.

chief executive officer

d.

board of directors

b.

flat structure

e.

team structure

c.

organizational chart

f.

tall structure

 

 

____ 76. the legal representative of a company's stockholders

 

____ 77. the most important executive in a company

 

____ 78. an organization that has many levels with small spans of management

 

____ 79. brings together people with different skills in order to meet particular objective

 

____ 80. an organization which has a small number of levels and broad span of management at each level

 

____ 81. a visual representation of a business's organizational structure

 

Short Answer

 

Write a short paragraph that answers the following:

 

82. Explain the three ways to try to come to a decision when you have an  ethical dilemma.