"The Seasons of the Seashore"

PRINTABLE VERSION
   OF PROPOSAL

PROPOSAL ABSTRACT
Richard Feay, Program Director Total Budget: $10,000

Problem: The coastal wetland habitats in California are disappearing. The fish are becoming depleted, and the invertebrate population is decreasing. Many people are opposed to currently proposed legislation that would protect large sections of the coastline. What is causing these problems? What are the solutions? Objectives: Students will use real-time research to investigate natural and human impact on the seashore environment, evaluate each to see what may be the cause, form reasoned judgements, and decide on actions. Students will become involved with legislative decisions by communicating with elected officials concerning their findings and voicing their opinions about possible solutions. Procedures: Beginning with article research, students will investigate naturally occurring problems - changes in ocean water chemistry and El Nino, and man-made problems - raw sewerage spills, offshore oil drilling, overuse, overbuilding, construction on wetland sites, and public indifference. They will use literature, letter writing, interviews, and the Internet to research man-made problems. These will be integrated with research findings from the field where 16 student teams will study the effects of seasonal abiotic and biotic variations on intertidal communities. On four seashore visits, groups will use professional field measurement and sampling apparatus to generate raw data on weather, water chemistry, pollutants, and plant and animal populations and use the findings to evaluate fluctuations in marine animal, alga, and plankton. A scientist from a local ocean aquarium and a college professor will mentor the students. Groups will use scientific processes and problem-solving skills as they form judgements based on their data. Students will take a trip to Scripps to investigate these problems in San Diego. Students will culminate their investigations by writing letters to local officials and members of Congress stating their opinions on upcoming legislation and posting work on the Internet. Expertise-Commitment: Mr. Feay, an awardee of several local, state, and national science awards, was a member of the commission to draft the1999 Calif. Science Content Standards and currently is the only 6-8 teacher appointed by the Calif. Dept. of Ed. to draft the 2000 Calif. Framework for K-12 Science. He has taught marine biology from the elementary to college levels. A second member has her Ph.D. in educational technology. A specialist from Cabrillo Marine Aquarium currently doing this research, our administrative staff, a Ph.D. professor of Marine Biology, and parents will guide students, provide funds, and/or participate in discussions and field studies. Evaluation: Program and student assessment will be through surveys, rubrics, quizzes and other meaningful projects that require cooperative and independent studies to meet objectives.

PROGRAM DESCRIPTION

"The Seasons of the Seashore" is a unique program that, using inquiry-based learning, will ask students to conduct and interpret real and meaningful investigations, integrate many fields of science, and give students the opportunity to become politically involved with current environmental issues. This project will be an active, research based, hands-on program engaging children in a stimulating student-as-scientist learning milieu. Students will study true-life examples of man's interactions with the environment. This California Content Science Standards-based project utilizes science, math, art, technology, and language arts, to lead students to an in-depth awareness and understanding of and appreciation for earth, life, and physical sciences and man's environmental responsibilities to the natural world.

In this novel individual-to-group program, students will investigate problems, seek answers, form hypotheses, and draw conclusions as to why intertidal habitats are deteriorating. A scientist from Cabrillo Marine Aquarium has been conducting this type of research for over 25 years and will offer his services to mentor students throughout the project in person or over the Internet. A professor of marine biology at a local college will instruct, advise, and offer his student as mentors. They will help students to use equipment properly, refine research, recognize pitfalls, reduce variables, validate findings, and provide long-term research data on the problem. Parents and school administrators will be involved with the children on all aspects of the project providing guidance, equipment, and funds.

Our intertidal area of study is located between Los Angeles's largest sewer treatment plant and the Los Angeles/San Pedro Harbors. "The Seasons of the Seashore" will be a yearlong project with several segments.
(1) Students will research and analyze local pollution problems that have occurred in the past 10 years. They will examine problems associated with spills, shoreline building, offshore drilling, filling in of local wetlands, and lack of general public concern for the environment. Groups will use personal contact, USMail, and the Internet to contact or interview government officials, local environmental groups (Heal the Bay, Santa Monica Mountain Conservancy, the Audubon Society, The Sierra Club, etc.), land developers, neighbors, fellow students, and other persons and organizations.
(2) At Abalone Cove, a local coastal area, 16 groups of eight students each, will study the effects that abiotic and biotic change and pollutants have on plants and animals living on the intertidal shore. They will select a nine-square foot transect site on each of four field trips. Each group divides in half. Four 'Biotic' members will gather real-time data on the identity, number, and exact locations of the species of plants and animals in their site, gather plankton samples, and record time, day, and location. GPS location, sketches, video, and photographs will verify findings. Four 'Abiotic' members will record season, weather and tides, measure ocean temperatures, and conduct 16 water chemistry and pollutant tests and experiments. The groups will repeat activities and record changes at the same sample areas every two months.
(3) At school, groups will reassemble and study stress tolerances of organisms found, verify findings, interpret, and analyze raw data.
(4) Groups will construct graphs, store statistics, use spreadsheets, organize, and analyze research information gathered in all venues. They will evaluate their findings and research into intertidal decline, form reasoned judgements based on the data, write reports on their findings, and suggest possible actions.
(5) The data, verifications, and reports will be computerized and transferred to our new web site to be designed by a local college student.
(6) Individuals and groups will conclude their studies by composing letters to county supervisors, the Mayor, the City Council, and State/Congressional Assembly representatives stating the purpose of their research, the results, their conclusions as to the causes, and petition for possible action.

For this project, students will study meteorology, geology, hydrology, chemistry, biology, botany, and government. Environmental topics will include ecology, pollution, and public awareness. Mathematical measurement, statistics, and graphing will be utilized. Technology will include the GPS network, computers (word processing, Internet, CD-ROM, spread sheets-Excel,), video microscope, video and digital cameras, and advanced measuring and projection devices.

During the project students will participate in multi-disciplinary studies such as: Straight to the Sea -Pollution and projects to reduce home-based ocean pollutants.
Talk to Me! -Public opinion poles and interview techniques.
The Dinosaurs Drank This! -The water cycle and ecology water chemistry and ocean pollution testing.
I Swallowed That? -Use of field-gathered plankton and video microscoscopy to classify and estimate plankton populations.
Tracks of the Sun - Monthly measures of and the effects of changes in the sun's angle of deflection.
Where am I? -Location skills using line-of-site, topographical maps, and GPS technology.
I Have a Voice! -Letter writing skills, ways to contact government officials and agencies, and corresponding with officials or agencies involved in coastal wetlands decisions.
What are the 'Net' Results? - Use of the Internet, web page construction and upkeep.

"The Seasons of the Seashore" addresses over 25 national learning standards for middle schools (Benchmarks for Science Literacy, National Science Education, SCANS, California Science Content Standards for Middle Schools).

RATIONALE

'The Joystick Generation' A generation of video games, virtual reality computer games, and MTV. Traditional science teaching can not compete. Young adults are enthralled by visually engaging experiences, not by repetitive in-class seatwork instruction. Innovative, hands-on, mentally stimulating lessons must be used to reach students of the 21st century. By awakening student's natural curiosity and a purpose for study, "The Seasons of the Seashore" can match the appeal of video games and MTV and offer one thing more.... reality!

We are a public school in a predominately Hispanic suburban area. Studies show that minorities are grossly underrepresented in higher education and careers in science. It is imperative that we reach our students before they tune out and take off. This is one project that can do just that. Our students come to us with little true knowledge of environmental sciences (a field often not covered in depth in elementary school.) Being located near a great kelp forest and intertidal habitat, (inherently interesting to kids) we have an excellent opportunity to impart knowledge, develop skills and understanding, and successfully bring our students and their scientific world together. This proposal may seem quite large in scope, but it is quite manageable from our point of view. Our school encourages flexible scheduling at our grade level, and this will allow us ample time to complete all proposed project tasks.

The idea for this project actually began ten years ago with one class taking field trips to the beach. Since that time, there has been a noticeable decline in the marine animal populations and habitats. We have rescheduled some seashore trips due to sewerage pollution from treatment plant overflow of untreated waste or storm drain outflow from a city of seven million. We have had to relocate our trips several times due to large and small shoreline building projects. Above our current field trip location, a project to build over 100 homes is currently underway. Builders are seeking approval to fill wetlands just north of our site and to construct a 650-unit commercial/residential project. Controversial legislation now being discussed would protect miles of the California coastline and tighten California Coastal Commission standards, so it is relevant that students decide if keeping the seashore pristine and accessible at the cost of higher standards and restricted development is important to them and to society. Students will find studies show many offending sources of pollution have been reduced and that offshore drilling actually has reduced tar and oil pollution. Students may realize that reversing public indifference is one of the only long-term solutions and that legislation is possibly one bold way to awaken public awareness and extend ' The Seasons of the Seashore'.

POTENTIAL IMPACT

"The Seasons of the Seashore" will impact approximately 120 predominately minority middle school students who have poor understanding of environmental sciences and who know even less of how citizens can effect governmental decisions (other than voting). Two science/math teachers and one language arts/ computer teacher will facilitate the project. The students in this program will develop awareness that they can cooperatively work on the leading edge of science inquiry and even as teenagers, have an intelligent voice in their government. We expect to produce knowledgeable, environmentally aware and involved students, and develop in them a passion that will carry on to higher education and ultimately into careers.

The students will benefit by developing: (1) Understanding of man's interdependence with and role in preserving the environment and of the relevance of science in their lives; (2) A cooperative voice in their education; (3) Competency in scientific research, math, language, and computer skills.

This project will impact our students in subsequent years by increasing knowledge and understanding of:
(1) The link between 'school' studies and the real world;
(2) The use of the scientific method in solving problems;
(3) The effects of environmental and man-made changes seashore habitats;
(4) Interdependence and food webs;
(5) Forces that have shaped our world and the physical characteristics of the oceans and seashores;
(6) Oceans- water chemistry, waves, tides, and currents;
(7) Role of the sun in energy exchange and climate;
(8) Environmental science research techniques and procedures;
(9) Reporting techniques, and the need for substantiation of research and conclusions; and
(10) Use of scientific apparatus, i.e. measuring devises, microscopes, GPS, computer hardware and software, and telecommunications.

This project will have a positive impact on the participants because the students will have participated in a unique inquiry-based learning experience and will have learned first-hand what scientific discovery is and what it means to take a risk, and achieve a goal. They will have researched and made decisions concerning real-life problems, they will have become involved in true science and in their government, and they will have seen how studying environmental sciences can be real, relevant, and rewarding. This grant will help us facilitate the improvement of our students' attitudes in science by increasing knowledge, developing awareness of how science permeates their lives, empowering them, and helping them realize that rigorous scientific learning, though challenging can be both meaningful and fun.

EVALUATION PLAN

The success of this program will be assessed through five evaluative tools:

(A) Parent and student pre and post surveys, (B) Teacher and student project rubrics, (C) Quizzes, (D) Performance tests, (E) Teacher, administrator, scientist reviewers.

Parents and students will be given SURVEYS to assess pre-project interest and attitudes towards environmental sciences. Post-surveys will be distributed in June to assess changes in student and parent attitudes. Sample survey questions for parents: Does your child like science in school or at home? Do they discuss scientific ideas or environmental issues with you? For students: Do you like science? Why do you think science can improve your life?

Students and teachers will use RUBRICS as needed to evaluate the success of in-class and field projects. Teachers access and students self-evaluate using the same rubrics.

Examples:

To measure knowledge acquisition and problem solving techniques, QUIZZES will be multiple-choice, completion, and essay, covering areas such as: Oceanography, water chemistry, nitrogen and carbon cycles, food webs, the water cycle, habitats, anatomy, algae, plankton, ocean pollutants, and man's effect on the environment.

Students will use research materials and science equipment to complete PERFORMANCE TESTS requiring various tasks such as: Designing and giving visual and oral presentations on research findings and conclusions, operating video and standard microscopes, using scientific apparatus such as chemical test kits, classifying of invertebrates.

TEACHERS and ADMINISTRATORS will initially meet weekly and then every five weeks to assess project effectiveness and student progress towards and attainment of intermediate and long-term project goals, and evaluate scheduling, teaching approaches, and depth of coverage. The project director will expedite any changes in curriculum and communicate as needed with involved institutions to coordinate scheduling of presentations, trips, and visits.

PROJECT CALENDAR

June - August '2000
TEACHERS: "Seasons" team meets to plan and coordinate program, contact aquarium and college staff, arrange for visits and trips, purchase equipment

August '2000
Begin "The Seasons of the Seashore" project. Students meet with Cabrillo Aquarium staff and college professor for initial collaboration ENVIRONMENTAL FOCUS: ecology, "Tracks of the Sun" project (the sun and climate), "Straight to the Sea" (ocean pollution, and man's responsibilities)
TECHNOLOGY FOCUS: Digital, Video cameras

September '2000
ENVIRONMENTAL FOCUS: chemistry,"The Dinosaurs Drank This!" (water properties and testing), "I Swallowed That?" (plankton studies), "Seashore in the Classroom"(invertebrate recognition, morphology, classification)
TECHNOLOGY FOCUS: Microscopes, (videomicroscopy and standard), FIELD TRIP- Cabrillo Museum (meet with professional experts, tour museum)

October '2000
ENVIRONMENTAL STUDIES: ecology, "It's Up to You"(man's role in the environment), "Are You Zoning Out?" (Intertidal zonation and habitats, intertidal biology, and bio-diversity),
FIELD TRIP - Three-day trip to Catalina Island (Catalina Island Marine Institute)
TECHNOLOGY FOCUS: equipment - Scientific-testing equipment,
transects, "Where am I?" GPS network (location skills), Meteorology & use of weather instruments
FIELD TRIP #1- Abalone Cove intertidal area - compile, analyze data

November '2000
ENVIRONMENTAL FOCUS: ecology, "Fast-Food Web Menus" (predation sequences)
TECHNOLOGY FOCUS: "What are the 'Net" Results?" (Computer literacy, the Internet)
TEACHERS: California Math Council (CMC) conference

December '2000
ENVIRONMENTAL FOCUS: communication, "Talk to Me!" (interviewing techniques)
TECHNOLOGY FOCUS: computer software
FIELD TRIP #2 - Abalone Cove intertidal area compile, analyze data

January '2001
ENVIRONMENTAL FOCUS: physical oceanography, "Bottoms Up"(constructing seafloor models)
TECHNOLOGY FOCUS: Scientific calculators
FIELD TRIP - Whale watching - Channel Islands

February '2001
ENVIRONMENTAL FOCUS: biology, botany, "In a Class by Themselves" (plant and animal classification), preparation of algae/invertebrate information packets
TECHNOLOGY FOCUS: Projection devices

March '2001
FIELD TRIP#3 - Abalone Cove intertidal area - compile, analyze data ENVIRONMENTAL FOCUS: geology, "Let's Rock and Roll" plate tectonics, mineral identification)
TECHNOLOGY FOCUS: Tele-communications TEACHERS: Computer Using Educators (CUE) or California Middle School (CMC) conference

April '2001
ENVIRONMENTAL FOCUS: anatomy, "Do I need this?" (How our bodies benefit from the sea.)
FIELD TRIP - Scripps Oceanographic Aquarium, San Diego
TEACHERS: Biology of Anacapa Island - field studies

May '2001
FIELD TRIP#4 - Abalone Cove intertidal area - compile, analyze data Students meet with Cabrillo Aquarium staff and college professor for final collaboration
ENVIRONMENTAL FOCUS:biology, morphology,and "OK, I'll bite!"(shark, fish, bird, reptile studies)
TECHNOLOGY FOCUS: "Future Scientists Arise" (careers in science), "I Have a Voice," (web pages, protocol in writing to government officials)
TEACHERS: California Science Teachers Association CSTA conference

June '2001
TECHNOLOGY FOCUS: Computer databases,
Final compilation of research data, preparation of final reports
Posting projects on the Internet Letter writing to government officials.

BUDGET

Field studies (buses):estimated costs:
Abalone Cove classroom fieldtrips (Pacific Palisades, CA) - 3 trips, 2 buses each……........ ..@285 = $1710
One-day trip to Cabrillo Marine Aquarium (Long Beach, CA) - 2 buses ........................…......…@285 = $570
One-day trip to Scripps Institute of Oceanography research lab, Birch Aquarium (La Jolla, CA) - 2 buses.…………………………………....…@600=$1200 Computer Software:
CD-ROMs:
Ecosystems, Oceans, Plants and Animals, Earth ..............................………………............ $300 Microscope Slides: Plant Cell Set, Ocean Algae Set, Fish set ................……………........……..…………...................... $180 Models and Samples:
Samples for study of invertebrate structures, identification, and classification, Plankton samples, and study and demonstration models, and Ocean Floor Topography Models (Probing sea floor mini-projects) ………. ....................................... $230
Landform model set (Study of weather and geological effects on land and ocean floor) :.......................$130
Video Tapes:
Carbon Cycle, Nitrogen Cycle, The Desert Sea, Wonderful Wetlands, Born of Fire, Pollution and You…... $240
Equipment:
Saltwater and pollutants test kits (Testing of water purity and ocean chemistry): La Mott 9 Saltwater Test Kit, 4 digital thermometers ………...………………………...$310
La Motte Pollutant Test Kit 4, Saltwater mini-test kits (Parent checkout). .……..…….... $470
Global Positioning System (GPS) receiver and error compensator …………………...………...…..... $520
Video Camera (Recording and presentation of field trip and in-class research) ...............…..……........ $580
Video player ……………………………………………………………………………………..$150
Television ………………………………………………………………………………...……..$420 Microscope………………………………………………………………………………..……..$290 Flexlite (Illuminator for microscopy system) …………………………………………………….….$150
Teacher Conferences, College Field Studies Classes: ................ …...........$1200 .
(one)CUE (Computer Using Educators).. $250, (one)CMC (Calif. Math Council). .$250, (two) CSTA (Calif. Science Teachers).. $250 ea. (three)Intertidal Biology of Anacapa Island (CSUN)..$75 ea.
Stipends, fees:
Speakers and professional experts: .....................................…………………………................... .. $650
Birch Aquarium, Scripp's Institute of Oceanography (Discovery labs- 'Kids Care').....……………..……$250
Magazines:
Scientific American, Science News, Discover, Explorations: .........................….…..................................$120
Miscellaneous: …….................................................$330 .

LALC Net (Access to Internet,) Film, Printer Cartridges, Blank VCR tapes, Paper Mache (Material for Ocean Floor Models), Transect materials (3' x3' with 6"x 6" wire grids for in-field plant & animal counts.)

Supplies, equipment, and transportation supplied by parents and the school administrative staff will be: Digital camera, Video microscopy system, US postage, One field trip to Abalone Cove, One 3-day trip to Catalina Island Marine Institute, One 1-day whale watching trip.